Introduction of Nickel-based Alloy Steel Welding Material
1.Introduction of base metal properties：
Nickel-based alloy steel has more corrosion resistance, heat resistance and low temperature resistance than stainless steel. It is widely used in special equipment and workpieces in petrochemical industry, power plant and aviation industry. The following are the categories and applications of common nickel-based alloy steel：
|
Category |
Main alloy |
Representative Materials |
Application occasion |
|
Solution strengthened alloy |
Pure nickel |
Nickel200、Nickel 201 |
Food equipment, charged alkali slings, laboratory crucibles, chemical transport drums and electrical and electronic accessories, etc. |
|
Nickel copper |
Alloy400、MONEL R-405 |
Industrial acid and alkali resistant environment, seawater equipment, chlorine-containing environment, etc. |
|
|
Nickel chromium |
Alloy600、601、690、214、230、G-30、RA-330 |
Chloride stress corrosion resistant environment,
phosphoric acid resistant environment, nuclear energy, aircraft gas turbine,
high temperature environment, etc. |
|
|
Nickel-iron-chromium |
Alloy800、800HT、825、20Cb3、N-155、556 |
Chloride ion stress corrosion resistant environment, high temperature environment, etc |
|
|
Nickel molybdenum |
AlloyB、B-2、N、W |
Gas turbine, aviation,
chemical industry, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid
environment, etc. |
|
|
Nickel chromium molybdenum |
Alloy C-22、C-276、G、S、X、622、625、686 |
Chemical, petrochemical,
chlorine-containing environment, flue gas desulfurization, pulp and paper
making, environmental protection equipment, turbine blades, turbocharger
rotors, nuclear energy, etc. |
|
|
Cobalt chromium nickel tungsten |
Alloy L-605、188、S-816、54Co-26Cr（R31233） |
Military and commercial gas turbine engines |
|
|
Precipitation hardening (strengthening) alloy |
Nickel copper |
K-500 |
Oil well detection equipment, electronic accessories |
|
Ni-Cr-Al-Ti |
Alloy 713C、X-750、U-500、R-41、Waspalloy、Alloy 718、Alloy706 |
Gas turbine fittings, aircraft fittings and
spacecraft |
|
|
Nickel-iron-chromium |
Alloy 901 |
Energy, General Industry |
|
|
Dispersion strengthened alloy |
Nickel chromium |
TM-220、TM-303、TMO-2 |
Environment requiring high temperature latent strength |
|
Cast alloy |
Ni-Cr-Mo-Cu |
HW、HX、CY-40、
CW-12M-1、CZ-100、
M-35-1、N-12M-1 |
Gas turbines, corrosion resistant valves, etc |
2.Welding method and characteristics：
The metallographic structure of nickel-based alloy is similar to that of steel, and the welding cognition of all-Votian iron system should be taken as the basis. The common welding problem is high temperature crack. Impure substances such as phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), lead (Pb), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn) and the like generated in the base metal composition, welding material composition, and adhesion at the welding part need to be controlled and reduced, which is an effective method to avoid high temperature cracks.
In terms of workability, nickel-based welding materials are worse than stainless steel welding materials in terms of arc force, slag removal and molten iron fluidity. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the solubility and cleanliness of welding beads to avoid the problems of poor solubility and slag inclusion.
In terms of temperature management, it is recommended to control the welding heat of nickel-based welding material to ≤ 15 kJ/cm and the inter-track temperature ≤ 150 ℃ (preferably below 100 ℃).
